Process for the manufacture of paper boxes.



Y 4 YPAfrmITED MAR. zo, 1906. n y, .A.`QBSTBRRB10H. lPROCESS FOR THE MANUFAGTURBOPPAPER BOXES. f

AP'PLIVQATIONHLBD MAY 2s. 1904.

m... 0mm...

. f PATBNTED MAR. 20,21906. I y A. 088888881011. f 4.PROCESS-P08 THE MA-NUPAGTURB of PAPER BOXES.

I v v- APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, 1904. I

' f Y 5 SHEETS-SHEET A.

l i y u n I Y @muy l TNO'. 815,858.4 vPATENTED MAR. 20,1906.

` ,r .4 A. OESTERRBICH. v f -4 PROCESSEUR THEMANUFAGTURB 0F PAPER BOXES.

'APPLICATION IILED M-AY 28. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET' @www abbo/MAGAR- I l U is'tingv methods andgmachinesand the diffif ALBiNfoEs'rERREIcH., oFHANovER, GERMANY. Assi v.eg.assreivMENTS; To- FREQN. `BURT, oF BUMALO. 1\IEW YQRK. V j

" PQCESS FOB@ THE MANUFACTURE 0F PAPER BOXES# unoleiasss. K

Y Be itV knownthat'I, ALBI'N ,OEsTERREIom y Y 'a subject ofthe-German Emperor,v and a resi- Ydentiof Hanover, Germany, yhave invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Processes for the Manufacture of'Paper Boxesy of vwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to'processes for the manufacture of paper boxes, .andmore ar-` roY ticularlyto paper boxes which areY cylin ric-v Y allyfor ypolygonallyformed. Y.

` ,Themain object of my `invention is to .provide anew anduseful process for the manufacture ofggpaper'boxesand box-covers with *predeterminedY cross-sections.

VMy .process consists .ofa particular .I and novel method of winding or coiling'therbox sides or bodiesytogetherwith a paper :cover-- ,ing,.over aV rotary body-former, which acts'asV v Y a fixedjmandrel, and folding over the'paper covering over the edge ofthe ybox-bodyand f then Vfolding said paper covering inupon the inneffsurface of the boX- bodyover said rotary body-former;therebyforming atrue cylindrical or'polygona] section, and securin the samewhen so-formed bythe infold o thepager covering. f v

Yhe lsignificance of my linvention Awill be vthe betterunderstood and the necessity of A the 'constructionv employed and herein shown willbe made clear`by a brief referenceto excultiesl encountered in the manufacture of i boxe'sofithis kind.`

v The-)covers of cylindricaly orrpolygonal boxes ofthisclassmust be heldfrictionallyV Y thatis to say, the outer cylindricalv or polygf onal body must/ fitvsnugly overthe inner cylindrical or polygonal body and. the fit must beso exact that the cover may be readvilyfremoved. orv replaced and at the same time Y held-'frictionally against falling off. This is-a difii ciu-ltY attainment. Two strips of fiber material coiled or Apasted for cover may or may notfit. If covered by ,covering-strips, fur-A ther deviation `willfollow. In, short, by for- 4mer methods a large percentageyoften as high as twenty percent. kof the output, are mis-V V.tsand the fitting up must be done by hand ,with largejattendant expense'. This difficulty A l v SIIiecication of Letters Patent. Y 'piicagiunliiied May 2s, 1904. Seraing. 210,288.Y

canbeimet'only by making the box-bodyjand" putting on the covering over a rotary bodyj-V former, which erforms the function ofa man'- f l.drel,`and then olding over and securing down the 'ed e ofthe coveringand over the'saine ,bodyormer rendering 'the,cylindrcalsec vtion or the polygonal section true and ofthe Y y correct diameterand fixing the same.

v:Nor l I will it answer thepur oseto remove the box vbodies from-the man( rel over which they are f i y f formed and then over a second cylinder or mandrel attempt tofmake them true cylinders and all having the same diameter. This trung and gaging to a predetermined diameter -must both be Vperformed. While the paste Y is fresh and immediately preceding-thefold- `the inner surface of the'box-body. In other v.

words,-therotary body-former acts also as a gage, and the infolding andv gumming down of the pa er covering and the rentering ofv the man( rel constitute means for fixin f the box-body to gage, andthe gagin andy Xing togaoe must be done substantia ly sii'n-ulta-j neousyf, y. y I wi l' now describe the method of carrying out my process vby reference to the drawings herewith, linwhichlike characters of Vrefer- .1- ence indicate corresponding( parts,A andlin which- `Fi re 1 is a vertical cross-section onthe line f y1 1 o .,ig. 2 of the machine embodying my'in'- ventioh.V g Fig. 2 is a view )of the same,vpartly1V in plane and partly in horizontal section.y iv Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line`r l33 of Fig. 1 Fig. 4- isgasectiony on .the line Vboard and-"paper I:blanks or strips for boxbodies or sides to the macl1ine. 1F ig. 5 is an the, a dvance end Vof a kpasteboard blank or.

strip thereto. 5F ig. l7gis aside elevatinas viewed fromtheright withreference to Fig;

8 of awheelrfor' pressing the coveringjl-strip against the pasteboard body and turning 'it over the edge of anfadjoining bottom piece.`v ,3,

PATENT oNoR, BY MESNE 7o ing V1n and securing of the paper covering lupon f 9o 44 of Fig. lofmechanism for feedingpasteroo Fig.v 8 isa sectionon the line 8 S of Fig. '1, of

the press er and forming-wheel shownV in Fig.

V7 and'of associated parts; and Figs.-9, 10, 11.;Y

12, and 13 are enlarged longitudinalsections heads and associate( of the bottom-clam ing and `body-foriniugV loparts in d-iiferentposi-v ranged in line with each other and parallel r`and cams c, d, e,f, g, h, i, j, and k.

tions for performing the reverse operations required to make tl boxes.

'. withV the shaft a and provided at their inner ends with clamping-heads n and o and at `their outer ends with roller-bearings, which are held by springs p and g in engagement -with the cams e and f, respectively. The

shaft Z is provided with a wide-faced pinion 11, which meshes with the gear b. s is a receptacle forbottomeblanks arranged parallel with the shaft m and'terminating at its inner end in a guideway t for conductin the bottom-blanks one at a time between t e clamping-heads lmand 0. This guideway t is adjustably secured to the frame of the machine by set-screws t tfv and when screwed down flat against the frame willy holdthe blanks in a position so that only a ver thin single blank willV be carried up by the fo lower y. When it is desired to adapt the machine to blanks of greater thickness, the screws t t are loosened :up and a bushing of paper or cardboard or metal bushings -of predetermined thickness l kare linserted between the frame and the guideway t.. In' this manner the mechanism may be adjusted to blanks of any desired thickness. u is a follower connected by cords passing over pulleys 'v and w with a weight by which the bottom-.blanks are fed forwardly in the holders as they are removed one at a time from its inner end. y is a .pusher Lcarried by one end of a lever z and adapted to move-backand forth past the inl .ner end of the holder s through the guide- .40

way t@ The opposite end of the lever z is held by a-spring 1 in the path of a projection on the periphery of the cam d. Two recip 1 rocatingslides 2 and 3 rfor feeding pasteboard the cam g. The slide 2 is connected directly by a lug onits under side with a pin on the arm .4- nearest its fulcrum. The slide 3 is Vprovided on its upper side with lugs 7 in the pathof the other pin on said arm 4, so that during the initial' movement of the slide 2 forward the slide 3 will remain at rest. These slides are vgrooved or flanged lengthwise on their. upper sides and provided with springs 8 and 9 to hold the pasteboard and paper Vblanks or strips in place thereon and carrying them forward..therewith between the guide-rollers '10 when the `slides are advanced, said springs permitting the withdrawal of theslides when the body-blanks y are vcaught and heldY upon the forming-sleeve blanks or strips are previously cut to the required length and supplied by hand one at a time to the slide 2, or by slight modification of the feeding mechanism they may be cut to length as they are fed to the machine from a continuous strip woundon a reel. 11 is a reel on which is wound the paper coverin strip and from which it passes between reers 12 and around guide-rollers 13 .to the slide 3. The lower roller 12 is supplied with paste from a box 14 by a roller 15.

Referring to Figs. 9 and 10 in connection with Figs. 2 and 3, the shaft l passes at its inner end loosely through a sleeve 16, formed at one end with an external collar, to which is secured a sleeve 17. The sleeve 16 is made `to turn with the shaft l by a pin or ke 43, se-

.17 is longitudinally slotted on opposite sides and is formed at its outer end with an external fiange tting into a flanged ring 18, by which it is revolubly connected with the adjacent bearing of the shaft Z. In the annu- 'lar space between the two sleeves 16 and 17 is loosely fitted an axially-movable sleeve 19, which serves as a form or mandrel for making the body or sides of the boxes. Itis connected by screws or pins passing through the slots in the sleeve 17, with a ring 20 loosely fitting in an internally-grooved ring 21, thus permitting the sleeves 16, 17, and 18, with the ring 20, to turn with the shaft l, while the ring 21 does not turn. The ring 21 is pivotally connected with one end of a bell-cranked lever 22, the opposite end of which is provided with a roller engaging with a groove in the face of cam k, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. For holding the advance ends ofthe pasteboard strips or blanks on the body-forming sleeve 19 while it makes a revolution and wraps the strip or blank around it the clamping-head a is provided with an inwardlyyielding point 23. This point is carried by a block which is loosely fitted in a recess in the head n and a notch in the end of the sleeve 19 and is mounted, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, on the free end of a spring 24, attached to the shaft Z in a longitudinal recess therein. 25 is an elastic presser-foot made of rubber or other suitable material carried in one end of a lever 26, the opposite end of which is provided with a roller held by a spring 27 in engagement with the cam h. The presserfoot 25 stands over the inner end of the sleeve 19 when thelatter is in position for winding the pasteboard strip or blank thereon. 28 is a presser-wheel carried by one end of an angular lever 29, the opposite end of which is provided with a roller held by a spring 30 in engagement with the cam i. The wheel 28, as shown in Fig. 8, is composed of two parts 31 and 32. The part 31 has a plain smooth 19, as hereinafter explained. The bo l; i face with a groove or recess in one side to re- IIC T i rollers for cutting oily the paper covering.-

815,88 t l t `r aj,

ceive the projecting edge `of a bottom-blank,

as shown 1n Fig. 11. The part 32is slightly k beveled on the side next to the part 31 and l Y extendsk beyond its periphery. It is yieldingly heldaagainst thepart 31 bya spring 33 (shownin Fig; V7) to allow for variations in the 'thickness ofthe bottom-blanks and to feedth'e paper covering-strips by which the bottoms are attached tothe bodies of the boites.v .l 34is a'movable knife-'Working withV Y a` stationary knife 35and carried at one'end of al lever136,v the opposite end of-which is providedwitharoller held-by a spring 37in engagement with the cam j. These knives arelocated between the slide v3 and the guidestrip lat the proper point. t

The leverv 26 is provided Y Wi a twisted angularv spring 38 y orf'- turning [the paper coveringstrip in- VWardlyover the edge ofthe pasteboard `asshown in; Fig. 12.

Ody,

f uponandturning Withthe shaft m, which is movable endwise therein. It is Vinternally recessed, as .shown in Fig. 3, to receive the spring g and is provided at its inner end with -afiianged head 40 for pressing the inturned edge ofthe paper,covering-stripagainst the j bottom, as show-nin Fig. 12. The head 40 is reeessedto receive theclamping-head o, as shown'in Fig. 9.- At its outerend a sleeve 39 -iscformedtotravelrwith a grooved collaren- Vgage'd by the forked end of a bell-crankedlever41, the opposite endfof which is provided l t with. aroller engaging a` groove in the kface of thecam c.

The clamping-heads n and o are recessed t toreceive elastic pads in their o posin faces,

' as shown-inFigi 10,'to'moree ective y hold y Vvthe bottom or end blanks'between them.

4 Y for carrying out my process'the gear. andv shaftl with-the clampingeads n ando andy -thepforming-sleevelQ will make `six revolu- 45-v ,n In the machine herein described and shown pinionb and 1' are so pro ortioned that the tions to one revolution of themain shafta; but this proportion may bevaried according tothe numberand order of the operations I which: the machine is designedrto perform;

Having"l thusv pointed outrthe principal .parts of the. mechanismfor carrying out my process, I will nowdescribe the process by reference-tothe machine, indicating the steps as they are accomplished from time to time.

The bottom-receptacle s being 'supplied y with bottom or end blanks and the follower u. 'being placed against the outer end of the series, the slide 2 being Asupplied with va bodyv blankcut to the required length and the covn ering-strip .bein wound on the reel 11, passed betweenthe rol ers 12 and around the rollers 13',and its end tucked underneath the spring 91. of the slide 3y and the'box 14 `beingsupipliedwith paste, when'the machine is started'by power applied to the'pulleyf42 on the shaft a,` the .pusher y 1s swungupward by the 39 yis a. sleeve fittedA rotation of thek shaft Z.

cam d and carries a single bottom or endV blank from the inner end of the'receptacles i through theguideway t into place. between" Vthe clamping-heads n and o; Thehead-n'is Y thenthrust lnward-by camf intopositionlto'jo Y s clamp said blankv between it and theo pos-*1 ing head o, as shown at Fig. 9. Bot .the

Vclamping-heads,"withlthe blank held between?.

them, are-thereupon moved vback together bycam e'to the forming-sleeve 19,5asshownl 75 in Fig. 10. Simultaneously with-orimmedi- 4ately followingthe last-mentioned operation the slides 2 land-3 are movedforward by the t cam g, carrying'the-inner endsof abody-V blank and-the covering-strip i between the 8ok guide-rollers 10, the body-blank. movingrin 'advance of the covering-strip, the coverlngment of the shorter projection =on cam h with '9o the roller on lever26. The s ring '38, the lower end of which strikes t e sleever l19, l

yields upwardly topermit the depression of-lv the foot 25in thev foregoing operation.' y,The

body-blank, with the coverin -stri pasted 95 thereto, beingfcaught and heir? by t e-point` 23, is wrapped around the sleevey 19 bythe` At the same time the roller on lever l29 dropping intofa depresv sion on the cam i permits the spring 30 to roo carry the wheel28 toward the 'sleeve 19 hold-y.` 7 ing said blank and thecoverin -strip witha yielding' pressure a ainst f sai sleeve and turning one edgey o vthe covering-'striprinwardly `over the edge-of the bottom.` or"endf1o5` blank by a single o eration and substantially -coincidently with t ewindingon of the coverf strip, as shown in Fig."11. The knife 343sdepressed at the proper time vbythe cam j to cut off the coverin -stripto'a length sufli- 1ro' cient to eXtend alitt emore than on'cearound the box and to lap upon itself, and the presser'- wheel 28 is held againstrthe forming-sleeve 19 while the latter makes a little over 'acomv plete revolution, so as to firmly press and 1 1x15, v

stick the lapped end of the covering-fstrip'in place. The forming-sleeve 19 is thereupon" withdrawn from the head o by the cam f, andv the spring 38is depressed'by thelonger pro jection on the cam 7L, as shown in Fig,12', izo i while the clamping heads make another complete revolution, thereby turning the edge of the covering-strip inwardly over the' edge of the fbody-blankat the open end of the box.

In this manner the rststep'in my Yprocess fx'zg has been completed namelyv anend-blank `has been placed in position Vanda body-,blankl woundr onto a mandrel andatv the same time butted up againstthe innerface of theend'- blank, so that the box-bodyls a true cylinder 13o Te l -or polygon, with a perfectly squared end closely abutted against the face of the endblank. Inl addition to this the coveringstrip has been turned' inwardly over the periphery of the end-blank and has also been `dent that my process may be employed with equal facility and advantage in the formation of necks for boxes, which are the cylindrical or polygonal open end portions inserted within the body of the box-body proper to vform the internal flangeover which. the cover of the box fits.

Immediately following the fore oin operation the-sleeve-IQ is moved back y t e cam 7c toward the head o to turn the coveringstrip inside of the box, as shown in Fig. 13. This constitutes the second step in my process. It is upon the sleeve 19, acting as a mandrel, that the box-body has been formed. This sleeve has been withdrawn and the paper covering turned inwardly, as shown in Fig. 1,3. The mandrel 19 now advances within the box-body to the position shown in Fig. 10, carrying the inwardly-turned edges of the covering 1n upon the inner surface of the box and thoroughly pressing and gluing them down therein. Coincidently withthe last two preceding operations the head 40 is thrust inwardly b the cam c, pressing the other inturned e ge of the covering-strip against and sticking it to the bottom of the box, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13. By the coincident performance of these two operations of securing down the two overlapping ed es of the covering-strip the cylindrical or poI gonal body of the box has been rendered sta le and fixed by the engagement of the covering-strip with the outer surface and the inner surface of the cylinder, and this has been done while the box-body has been held to a true cylindrical or polygonal position. It cannot thereafter be distorted by twisting s irally into a cone-section, as could be done i the body were releasedl from the holder and not formed by the rentry of the mandrel. It is this step in my process and conducted .in this manner which renders the box-bodies true sections, so that a perfect fit is always Y. insured, a condition which has been heretolfore attained with indifferent success.

explained, a complete box or cover is. madey to each revolution of the main. shaft a.. By varying the shape of the clamping-headsv n and o, the forming-sleeve 1:9, the presserwheel 28, and the head 40 theprocess may be adapted to produce polygonal boxes. having any desired. number of plain sides with rounded corners Without change in principle or mode of operation. l

Having thus described'v my process and mechanism. necessary toA cari-'yin out the s-ame, without limiting myself. tok t 1e Specific mechanismherein shown andl described, what I claim is- 1. The herein-describedprocess for mak.- ing cylindrical pa er-box. bodies, corn. rising the winding up o a' body-blank, win `n arr adhesive covering-strip' of greater .widtht n said body-blank. onto-the-same, turning'by a single operation one edge of said coveringstrip over one edge of said blank, turning-by a single operation the other'edge` of said covering-strip over the other edgeof said bodyblank, forcing the last-named edge ofsaid covering-strip within and pastin :it on: said body-blank, then. truing said only-blank with the covering-strip attached thereto to aY predetermined gage while the gum' on said covering-strip is green andr theparts ane-in. a yielding condition.

2. The herein-described process for making cylindrical. pa 'er-box bodies, comprising the winding up o Ibody-blank, windin an adhesive covering-strip of greater Width t an said body-blank onto the same, turning by a single operation one edge of said coveringstripover one edge of said blank., turning by a single operation the other edge of said covering-strip over the' other edge of said' blank, forcing. the-last-named edge of said coveringstrips within. and pas-ting it on said bodyblank, then truing said body-blank. with the covering-strip attachedy thereto to a predetermined gage while the gum onsaid covering-strip is green and theparts are in a yielding condition, and fixing said body to gage by the inturn of said covering-strip and luing or'gummin thesanie-to-the inner surace of said bodylank.

8. The herein-described process for making cylindrical paper boxes, comprising the winding up of a body-blank with one edge thereof abuttin against the surface of an end-blank, simu taneously winding on an adhesive covering-strip of greater width than the said body-blank plus the thickness of theendblank, turning by a single o eration. one edge of said covering-strip-over tiie end-blank and securing the same to the outer surface of said end-blank, turning by a single operation the other edge of said covering-stri over the open end of said body, forcing the Yast-named edge of said covering-stri s within and pasting it on said body-blank), then truing said body with the covering-strip in place on said IOO . 25 y I 5. ,The herein-describedprocess for rnak-v onsaid coveringfstri is green and the parts latein a-yielding con itO-n; i, Y Y u 5.4."The{herein-described process for making r'cylindrical paper boxes, com risingvr the .winding'upv ofa body-blank wit Yone edge thereof abutting against the surface of an end-` f ff-fblank, simultaneously ywinding on 'an adhe-VY 4sive* 'eoVerin'-strip of greater width tlanthe said bodyfbank lplus. the y.tiiicimess 0f the end-blank turning Vby a singleoperationone g edge l,of said jcoveringstrlp 'over the end` v.blank and securingthe same to the outers'ur# face offfsaidendblank, turning by a single operation the other'edge' of said covering# 1 strip' over the openv end of said body,.forcing .the last-namededge Vof saidk covering-strip l' withinand pasting it on said body-blank, then) truing'said body with thecovering-strip in place on said; body to a predetermined gage j while the gum onfsai'd covering-stripris green andthe parts are in'a y1eld1ngcondit1on,zand

i "'ffxi'ngfsaidbody to 'gage' by vthe .inturn'v of u. said'Icovering-strip and gluing. or gunnni'ng the same tothe inner surface of. said body.

ing cylindrical paper-box bodies,V ycomprising thewinding u of a body-'blank over a man- Vdr'el and siniu taneously winding upon said body-blank an'. l,adhesivel 'coVeringfstrip-V of greater width than said blankremoving the l said blank withv said coveringstrip wound l thereon troni said mandrel; turning by asingle ofp'eration the edge of said coverin -strip over t e l winding Vup of' strip of greater width thank said l lusy the thickness of said. end-blank,v turning so;l

edgey ofi said body-blank; and tien replac-V Y sameto gage and at the lsame time turning inandisecuring saidinturned edgeon the inner surface of saidbodyblank to 'lix the Y Y, 40 f said box-body vto' the gage ,determined by said mandrel.

, 6.' The herein-described ing cylindrical with one edge thereof abutting against the ing said box-body onsaid 'inandrel'to bringthe upon said bodyfblankan adhesive coveringe i y av single operation the ed'geof said cover' r ing-strip overthe face of said end-blank4 andsecuring the saine thereto, vremoving said blank thus secured atone'endjto 'sai replacing the box-body on said mandrel: to

bring thefsam'e to gageY while the gum on said j' 'i covering-strip is greenand the parts are iny a- Y yielding Vcondition,- and at the same ytime turning 1n and securing said inturned ed e Vto the'inner surface of said body-blank to Y kthe said box-body to the gage determined by said` mandrel. n Y Y y In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 'my hand in thepresence of two witnesses.l

' vALBIN OESTERREICH. Y.

. Witnesses: f v

EFI'EDLER, g R. IJUDE'R.'

endlpiece from said mandrel, turning by a single ,o eration the edge of said covering-stri over rtieopen end.of'saidbody-'blar'ik7 an then body-blank." i 

